Coconuts are commonly grown in Vietnam. The shells discarded many places but the material is studied using a lot of different ways around the world, is commonly used as fuel, coir mattresses, pads; coco peat used in agriculture as the substrate, fertilizer ..; and there have been many studies to fully exploit the advantages of using coconut shells as waste; Using electricity production; fabricated parts bins, floor coating inside the door and car; and to make helmets, bulletproof armor or coconut shells used to produce lightweight concrete building panels. 

 Patent US7097768 was granted by the authors Pierre Talbot, Denis Pettigrew, Roger Lacasse, Ginette Belanger, Yves Arcand, Jean Pierre Dautais, referring to the biological filter material for wastewater treatment is very easy to make from raw materials in Vietnam is coconut fiber, while referring to the wastewater treatment system using this filter material. Biological filter material made ​​from coconut fiber has abundant raw materials, cheap; production process is very low waste generation; the filler material has many advantages and can be reused. 

 Coir can be obtained by dry or wet, comprising the steps of: separating the shell, tear, brush, screening. This material is lightweight, highly elastic, can be compressed to reduce transportation costs, and can return to the original volume after shipping. 

 In coconut shell, by weight, 19% is dry crust, 34% and 47% coco peat is coir. Coco peat has moisturizing properties and high suction. Coconut fiber provides greater surface area to absorb contaminants. Also, acne and coir have the ability to provide nutrients for the microorganisms. 

 Under patent number US7097768, coco peat coir associated with forming the "seeds" have different sizes depending on the requirements (so-called seeds coir) to filter material. The coir particles less fractured than the natural coconut fiber, thanks to high elasticity allows filtering layer density suitable to be processed waste water and flow characteristics. The coir foam particles, high capillarity suitable for handling effluent flowing; and have good water absorption properties, so very good for the system when used for the first time, using interrupted, use the short cycle or during times when conditions have not been granted country. In addition, the chemical and physical properties of coir particles can be improved by microorganisms. This coir particles can be filtered as the coliform bacteria. Disadvantages of coir particles is possible extent uncontrolled flow of sewage, and prone to oxidation capabilities of the system. 

 Depending on the size of coconut shell and shelled way, we can easily choose to create the particle size of coir as required. So coir particles can easily be distributed in all kinds of shapes filtration system, fold in the song, winding ... 

 The filter effluent can use a particle size or particle mixture of coir have different diameters, such as particle size greater than 3 mm in combination with diameters smaller than 3 mm, even very small particles depending on the requirements of the filtration system.  

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 Q: What was the coconut almost the whole advantage, but often redundant coir unused, introduce technology to utilize coir. (The spread-Phan Thiet) 

 Answer: Coconuts are commonly grown in Vietnam. The shells discarded many places but the material is studied using a lot of different ways around the world, is commonly used as fuel, coir mattresses, pads; coco peat used in agriculture as the substrate, fertilizer ..; and there have been many studies to fully exploit the advantages of using coconut shells as waste; Using electricity production; fabricated parts bins, floor coating inside the door and car; and to make helmets, bulletproof armor or coconut shells used to produce lightweight concrete building panels. 

 Patent US7097768 was granted by the authors Pierre Talbot, Denis Pettigrew, Roger Lacasse, Ginette Belanger, Yves Arcand, Jean Pierre Dautais, referring to the biological filter material for wastewater treatment is very easy to make from raw materials in Vietnam is coconut fiber, while referring to the wastewater treatment system using this filter material. Biological filter material made ​​from coconut fiber has abundant raw materials, cheap; production process is very low waste generation; the filler material has many advantages and can be reused. 

Ingredients coconut 

 Figure 1b: Crust in  

Figure 1c: crust and coconut shells  

Figure 1d: internal and external Crust  

Coir can be obtained by dry or wet, comprising the steps of: separating the shell, tear, brush, screening. This material is lightweight, highly elastic, can be compressed to reduce transportation costs, and can return to the original volume after shipping.  

In coconut shell, by weight, 19% is dry crust, 34% and 47% coco peat is coir. Coco peat has moisturizing properties and high suction. Coconut fiber provides greater surface area to absorb contaminants. Also, acne and coir have the ability to provide nutrients for the microorganisms.  

Under patent number US7097768, coco peat coir associated with forming the "seeds" have different sizes depending on the requirements (so-called seeds coir) to filter material. The coir particles less fractured than the natural coconut fiber, thanks to high elasticity allows filtering layer density suitable to be processed waste water and flow characteristics. The coir foam particles, high capillarity suitable for handling effluent flowing; and have good water absorption properties, so very good for the system when used for the first time, using interrupted, use the short cycle or during times when conditions have not been granted country. In addition, the chemical and physical properties of coir particles can be improved by microorganisms. This coir particles can be filtered as the coliform bacteria. Disadvantages of coir particles is possible extent uncontrolled flow of sewage, and prone to oxidation capabilities of the system. 

 Depending on the size of coconut shell and shelled way, we can easily choose to create the particle size of coir as required. So coir particles can easily be distributed in all kinds of shapes filtration system, fold in the song, winding ...  

The filter effluent can use a particle size or particle mixture of coir have different diameters, such as particle size greater than 3 mm in combination with diameters smaller than 3 mm, even very small particles depending on the requirements of the filtration system.  

The use of particle filter type layer of coconut fiber  

  Figure 3a: Class filter 

coir particles 

small size Figure 3b: Class filter 

coir particles 

large size Figure 4a: Class filter 

  many nuts 

Coir than they Figure 4b: Class filter 

many nuts 

Coir subclass 

 

Many biological filter material for water treatment waste, but does not have the kind of meet all the necessary characteristics. For example, commonly used sand filtration of domestic wastewater through natural flow, but heavy, poor capillary, under the impact of hydraulic; Peat has several advantages compared to sand, however low elasticity, poor stability and limited power to influence flow ability and time use, can better use perlite (perlite-kind contains high silica minerals formed from volcanic lava flows).  

To match user requirements, coir particles can be used in combination with the filter material such as peat, inorganic minerals such as sand, gravel, perlite, geothermal cloth, polymeric materials, or total the materials mentioned above to further increase the handling characteristics of the filter material. 

According to the invention, the biological filter material layer should be about 20% to 80% (by weight) are particles coir, 50% is the most appropriate, add the remaining coordinate other filter materials. Following the introduction of filtration systems use filter material according to the present invention. 

The system includes tank effluent filter, filter wastewater distribution system. Includes filter chamber containing filter material layer. Class of particle filter can include coir described above, or may be added to the sand, peat, gravel, perlite, geothermal fabric, polymer materials ... Chambers has received input above water distribution system and waste water output at the bottom of the filter discharge treated water. The shells have large water absorption, high strength, could remove bacteria and degrade less pressure when water flows through. 

 Particle size of coir decided filtering capabilities, large particle size less capable of handling small size. Particle size large coir can be used in the circulatory system processing, small grain size typically used for filtering through the system once. The ability of the filter materials were inventors concluded as follows: