Saigon Times Online) - The fruit and vegetable exports to the EU market difficulties in recent times, by five types of fresh fruits and vegetables are basil, peppers, celery, coriander, bitter melon and violation of safety requirements food hygiene and plant quarantine. Therefore, the Saigon Economic Times Online would like to introduce cultivation processes basil in a greenhouse eligible to export to the EU market by the Center for Plant Quarantine 2 in the city after import supply. 

 

1. Varieties and planting season: 

 

- Seed: Seed company TN12 basil Agriculture page. This variety is easy to grow, plants grow better. Leaves large, thick, fat green leaves have a distinct aroma, body purple. In accordance with the EU market tastes. Starting time is 30-35 days to harvest after planting. 

 

- Planting season: 

 

It can be grown throughout the year, the dry season than the wet season high yield Winter and spring are the most appropriate. 

 

Preparing the Nursery: seed need to be 2-2.5 kg ha 1. Sow seeds in Styrofoam trays, no holes. Ingredients can cost 40% vote so decomposed manure, rice husk ash 20%, 40% coir and adding Trichoderma preparations at a rate of 5-10%. After sowing the seeds in the tray, preventing sucking insects with drugs like Kola 600FS, Atonik 1.8DD. When the seedlings were sprayed 7 days, root collar rot disease prevention by Viroval 50 WP. 

 

Planting the garden when the plants produce 5-6 true leaves (the tree Time: 20 days). 2-3 days before planting should reduce the amount of water (training seedlings) helps hardy tree, recovering quickly after planting. 

 

2. Preparing the soil 

 

Loam soil, porous, well drained. 20kg/1000m2 lime spreader, plow deep, dry land frontier 7-10 days before the new raised beds. Raised bed 1.1 m width, height 25-30 cm, 25-30 cm groove. Fertilizing manure, peanut shells, superphosphate. 

 

3. Irrigation equipment 

 

State Grid is equipped with two (2) irrigation system: sprinkler system and wiring rain drip irrigation regime is controlled automatically according to the system has been fitted. Mode installed misting over time from 10h-11h30, 13h-14h day. Irrigation water and fertilizer into planting beds are provided through drip irrigation system was laid on the bed surface and bottom plastic membrane coated on the bed surface. 

 

4. Planting and care 

 

- Planting of saplings planted in beds in size 1.1 x 31 m - 38 m (length x width, length depends on the length of the landslide). Planting rows of gray plastic coated tarpaulins have holes, the distance between two holes 25cm x25cm, aisle two rows planted 20 cm. After 5 days, the government promoted lined trench to limit weeds. 

 

- Density: rows 30-40cm between plants 25cm, 30cm gap between the wooden 50.000cay/ha density range. 

 

- Pruning branches and leaves combined with weeding original: should prune branches and leaves dropping buds close to the ground, leaving the main body and the arm is above (5-6 cm from the root), thus helping to develop good branch , limited disease, a group, a high yield. 

 

5. Watering and fertilizing 

 

- Nutrient solution and water is supplied simultaneously through drip irrigation systems. Based on nutritional needs and stages of plant growth to determine the concentration of a solution suitable for irrigation. In addition, depending on the condition of trees can add nutrients through the leaves combined with plant protection products. 

 

- Before planting out seedlings planted beds, sprinkler irrigation with automatic sprinkler system about 45 minutes to wet the ground after planting sprinkler for about 5 minutes. 

 

* The amount of irrigation fluid daily routine, mandatory implementation of drip irrigation systems, to minimize the possibility arises of other pests, disease group mainly fungi, bacteria, viruses coincide ... indirectly reduce the amount of pesticides in total lifetime in the process of planting: 

 

Drip irrigation system was installed on the beds, each bed has 3 tubes for drip irrigation, drip irrigation pipe length equal to the length bed surface. 

 

During follow-up care needs of the growing crop that is adjusted fertilizer components more reasonable. Also can add leaves as fertilizers: MX1, Growmore 20-20-20, 6-30-30 at Growmore plant in stages. 

 

6. Department pests: 

 

6.1. Get rid of all penetration of pests 

 

1. Sanitation weeds in and around the net. 

 

2. Checking the tightness of the net: fix the gaps of doors, holes, mesh .... To examine the power grid with tier 1 time per day. 

 

3. Creating the best conditions for crop development: balanced fertilizer regime, supported devices: ventilation fan, misting system ... 

 

4. The medium Handle seedlings by Trichoderma. 

 

5. Spray disinfectant before net house cultivation of plant protection products including: Actara 25WG, SK Enspray 99EC ... 

 

6. Early Removing infected plants to avoid spreading disease. 

 

7. Spraying periodical pest management program appropriately and thoroughly. 

 

8. Spraying disinfectant around the outside walls of netting, isolation rooms, walkways and places where insects hide. 

 

9th. Put yellow sticky traps to trap and monitor harmful insects. 

 

10. Spraying insecticide spray the pest is in the grid with the appropriate drugs, using drugs allowed in the list. At stages near harvest should select drugs of biological origin, from a short time to ensure no residual residues of plant protection products. 

 

6.2. Use of plant protection products on the list of allowed under EU standards and ensure quarantine period at harvest 

 

- Collar rot: harmful diseases primarily at the root collar, the base near the ground. When I first came out, if you look closely can see the different colored lesions with bark, this bark was blistering up, then gradually spreads around the entire tree crown or root. Gradually this crisp shell, when it rains or high humidity will be soft rot, peel, core wood back color of blackened trees, plants will wither and die slowly. Prevention with drugs: Anvil 5SC. Score ... 

 

- Thrips, aphids, black aphids, red spider: focus damage on young leaves, bud by sucking sap from the leaves shriveled do. Prevention with drugs: Confidor, Actara, Ortus ... 

 

- Deep blue, deep omnivorous: deep bite out of cotton and young leaves. Control of these biological pesticides such as Angun, Silsau super ... 

7. Harvesting 

 

Before the cotton plant, usually from 21-28 days after planting. Harvest time is cool to avoid wilting leaves after harvest brought in a cool place for storage, conduct leaves, branches that are diseased or deformed leaves not meet export standards. 

 

Source: http://www.thesaigontimes.vn/